For individuals, private strategies include quitting one’s hazardous job and searching for jobs in safe workplaces.

For collectives, private strategies can involve people joining labor unions and bargaining with employers for safe working conditions.

For individuals, public strategies include suing in court for individual rights to information about hazards, to refuse hazardous assignments, and to report hazards without reprisal.

For collectives, public strategies can involve organizing to secure government action to prevent or reduce health and safety hazards in the workplace

SOURCE: Adapted from Robinson (1991).